Who, Why, When: Understanding Cancer Rehabilitation Referrals

Individuals with cancer who receive rehabilitation experience improved muscle strength, function, and quality of life. However, rehabilitation needs vary across the cancer care continuum, requiring multiple referrals and transitions between providers. This study aimed to describe who provides cancer rehabilitation, what factors influence care recommendations, and when these recommendations occur. A 21-question online survey was distributed to cancer rehabilitation via email. Results showed that most providers were experienced physical therapists in outpatient settings, with medical and surgical oncologists being the most common referral source. Independence level was the primary factor influencing rehabilitation recommendations, with inpatient and outpatient providers making decisions during weekly assessments, while acute care providers did so at their initial evaluations. These findings highlight the importance of functional prognosis in discharge planning, emphasizing the need for providers to deepen their understanding of functional prognosis and outcomes in cancer rehabilitation.